The word anaesthesia means ‘loss of sensation’. It can involve a simple local anaesthetic injection which numbs a small part of the body, such as a finger or around a tooth. It can also involve using drugs which cause unconsciousness.

Antibiotics are used to treat or prevent some types of bacterial infection. They work by killing bacteria or preventing them from reproducing and spreading. But they don’t work for everything. Antibiotics don't work for viral infections such as colds and flu, and most coughs and sore throats.

Ankylosing spondylitis is a long-term (chronic) condition in which the spine and other areas of the body become inflamed. Spondylitis simply means inflammation of the spine. It is an autoimmune disease.

Aspergillosis is a condition caused by mould. There are several different types of the mould causing Aspergillosis. Most of these affect the lungs and will make it more difficult to breathe. You're usually only at risk of aspergillosis if you have:

• a lung condition – such as asthma, cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• a weakened immune system – for example, if you have had an organ transplant or are having chemotherapy
• had tuberculosis (TB) in the past

Please follow the link below to find out more about aspergillosis:

There are many types of cancer, each affecting specific parts of the body. Cancer cells keep reproducing within the body and damage surrounding tissue – this can include organs within the body.

Crohn's disease is a long-term condition that causes inflammation of the lining of the digestive system. Inflammation can affect any part of the digestive system, from the mouth to the back passage, but most commonly occurs in the last section of the small intestine (ileum) or the large intestine (colon). It is an autoimmune disease.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus that is usually harmless. CMV is mainly spread through close contact with someone who already has CMV. It can be passed on through body fluids including saliva, blood and urine. Please follow the link below to find out more about cytomegalovirus:

CMV can come back if you have a weakened immune system following a bone marrow transplant.

A bone marrow transplant replaces damaged blood cells with healthy ones. It can be used to treat conditions affecting the blood cells, such as leukaemia and lymphoma. Please follow the link below to find out more about bone marrow transplants:

Diabetes or diabetes mellitus is a chronic (long-lasting) disease where the body is unable to control blood sugar (glucose). This leads to a state of high blood sugar or hyperglycaemia, which can damage the organs of the body over time if it is not treated. There are two main types of diabetes - type 1 and type 2.

Hepatitis C is a virus carried in the blood. It infects liver cells and can result in inflammation and significant damage to the liver. It can also affect liver function.

HIV damages immune system cells and makes it more difficult for the body to fight infections and disease. When the immune system is severely damaged this results in AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).

Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthiritis (nr-Axial SpA) is inflammatory arthritis where the main symptom is back pain. It is an autoimmune disease.

Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes red, flaky, crusty patches of skin covered with silvery scales. The severity of psoriasis varies greatly from person to person. It is an autoimmune disease.

Psoriatic arthritis is a type of arthritis that develops in some people with the skin condition psoriasis. It typically causes affected joints to become inflamed (swollen), stiff and painful. Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes a red, scaly rash, especially on the elbows, knees, back, buttocks and scalp. It is an autoimmune disease.

Pulmonary hypertension is a condition in which the pulmonary arteries (the blood vessels that connect the heart to the lungs) become narrowed. This makes it harder for the heart to pump blood through them and leads to high blood pressure in the vessels. As the heart has to work harder than normal, people with pulmonary hypertension feel tired, dizzy and short of breath.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term condition that causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints. It is the second most common form of arthritis in the UK. The symptoms usually affect the hands, feet and wrists. It is an autoimmune disease.

Ulcerative colitis is a long-term condition, where the colon and rectum (large bowel) become inflamed. Small ulcers can develop on the colon's lining, and can bleed and produce pus. It is an autoimmune disease.

Vaccines help protect against diseases by making our bodies create immunity to them.

Vaccines enter our bodies with a substance which tricks the body’s immune system into producing antibodies. These antibodies help provide protection if we are exposed to the actual infection. This immunity may last for many years, or even a lifetime following vaccination.